2009年5月23日 星期六

Apache Core Objects主要物件

Apache程式碼定義了一些結構可以使用,其中有四個結構相當重要,會在開發應用程式模組中使用到,主要是定義在httpd.h這個標頭檔中,其結構名稱有:
  • request_rec每個請求的相關資訊
  • server_rec每個主機的相關資訊
  • conn_rec每次連線的相關資訊
  • process_rec每個程序的相關資訊
詳細程式碼如下:

struct request_rec {
    /** The pool associated with the request */
    apr_pool_t *pool;
    /** The connection to the client */
    conn_rec *connection;
    /** The virtual host for this request */
    server_rec *server;

    /** Pointer to the redirected request if this is an external redirect */
    request_rec *next;
    /** Pointer to the previous request if this is an internal redirect */
    request_rec *prev;

    /** Pointer to the main request if this is a sub-request
     * (see http_request.h) */
    request_rec *main;

    /* Info about the request itself... we begin with stuff that only
     * protocol.c should ever touch...
     */
    /** First line of request */
    char *the_request;
    /** HTTP/0.9, "simple" request (e.g. GET /foo\n w/no headers) */
    int assbackwards;
    /** A proxy request (calculated during post_read_request/translate_name)
     *  possible values PROXYREQ_NONE, PROXYREQ_PROXY, PROXYREQ_REVERSE,
     *                  PROXYREQ_RESPONSE
     */
    int proxyreq;
    /** HEAD request, as opposed to GET */
    int header_only;
    /** Protocol string, as given to us, or HTTP/0.9 */
    char *protocol;
    /** Protocol version number of protocol; 1.1 = 1001 */
    int proto_num;
    /** Host, as set by full URI or Host: */
    const char *hostname;

    /** Time when the request started */
    apr_time_t request_time;

    /** Status line, if set by script */
    const char *status_line;
    /** Status line */
    int status;

    /* Request method, two ways; also, protocol, etc..  Outside of protocol.c,
     * look, but don't touch.
     */

    /** Request method (eg. GET, HEAD, POST, etc.) */
    const char *method;
    /** M_GET, M_POST, etc. */
    int method_number;

    /**
     *  'allowed' is a bitvector of the allowed methods.
     *
     *  A handler must ensure that the request method is one that
     *  it is capable of handling.  Generally modules should DECLINE
     *  any request methods they do not handle.  Prior to aborting the
     *  handler like this the handler should set r->allowed to the list
     *  of methods that it is willing to handle.  This bitvector is used
     *  to construct the "Allow:" header required for OPTIONS requests,
     *  and HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED and HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED status codes.
     *
     *  Since the default_handler deals with OPTIONS, all modules can
     *  usually decline to deal with OPTIONS.  TRACE is always allowed,
     *  modules don't need to set it explicitly.
     *
     *  Since the default_handler will always handle a GET, a
     *  module which does *not* implement GET should probably return
     *  HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.  Unfortunately this means that a Script GET
     *  handler can't be installed by mod_actions.
     */
    apr_int64_t allowed;
    /** Array of extension methods */
    apr_array_header_t *allowed_xmethods; 
    /** List of allowed methods */
    ap_method_list_t *allowed_methods; 

    /** byte count in stream is for body */
    apr_off_t sent_bodyct;
    /** body byte count, for easy access */
    apr_off_t bytes_sent;
    /** Last modified time of the requested resource */
    apr_time_t mtime;

    /* HTTP/1.1 connection-level features */

    /** sending chunked transfer-coding */
    int chunked;
    /** The Range: header */
    const char *range;
    /** The "real" content length */
    apr_off_t clength;

    /** Remaining bytes left to read from the request body */
    apr_off_t remaining;
    /** Number of bytes that have been read  from the request body */
    apr_off_t read_length;
    /** Method for reading the request body
     * (eg. REQUEST_CHUNKED_ERROR, REQUEST_NO_BODY,
     *  REQUEST_CHUNKED_DECHUNK, etc...) */
    int read_body;
    /** reading chunked transfer-coding */
    int read_chunked;
    /** is client waiting for a 100 response? */
    unsigned expecting_100;

    /* MIME header environments, in and out.  Also, an array containing
     * environment variables to be passed to subprocesses, so people can
     * write modules to add to that environment.
     *
     * The difference between headers_out and err_headers_out is that the
     * latter are printed even on error, and persist across internal redirects
     * (so the headers printed for ErrorDocument handlers will have them).
     *
     * The 'notes' apr_table_t is for notes from one module to another, with no
     * other set purpose in mind...
     */

    /** MIME header environment from the request */
    apr_table_t *headers_in;
    /** MIME header environment for the response */
    apr_table_t *headers_out;
    /** MIME header environment for the response, printed even on errors and
     * persist across internal redirects */
    apr_table_t *err_headers_out;
    /** Array of environment variables to be used for sub processes */
    apr_table_t *subprocess_env;
    /** Notes from one module to another */
    apr_table_t *notes;

    /* content_type, handler, content_encoding, and all content_languages 
     * MUST be lowercased strings.  They may be pointers to static strings;
     * they should not be modified in place.
     */
    /** The content-type for the current request */
    const char *content_type; /* Break these out --- we dispatch on 'em */
    /** The handler string that we use to call a handler function */
    const char *handler; /* What we *really* dispatch on */

    /** How to encode the data */
    const char *content_encoding;
    /** Array of strings representing the content languages */
    apr_array_header_t *content_languages;

    /** variant list validator (if negotiated) */
    char *vlist_validator;
    
    /** If an authentication check was made, this gets set to the user name. */
    char *user;
    /** If an authentication check was made, this gets set to the auth type. */
    char *ap_auth_type;

    /** This response can not be cached */
    int no_cache;
    /** There is no local copy of this response */
    int no_local_copy;

    /* What object is being requested (either directly, or via include
     * or content-negotiation mapping).
     */

    /** The URI without any parsing performed */
    char *unparsed_uri;
    /** The path portion of the URI */
    char *uri;
    /** The filename on disk corresponding to this response */
    char *filename;
    /* XXX: What does this mean? Please define "canonicalize" -aaron */
    /** The true filename, we canonicalize r->filename if these don't match */
    char *canonical_filename;
    /** The PATH_INFO extracted from this request */
    char *path_info;
    /** The QUERY_ARGS extracted from this request */
    char *args;
    /**  finfo.protection (st_mode) set to zero if no such file */
    apr_finfo_t finfo;
    /** A struct containing the components of URI */
    apr_uri_t parsed_uri;

    /**
     * Flag for the handler to accept or reject path_info on 
     * the current request.  All modules should respect the
     * AP_REQ_ACCEPT_PATH_INFO and AP_REQ_REJECT_PATH_INFO 
     * values, while AP_REQ_DEFAULT_PATH_INFO indicates they
     * may follow existing conventions.  This is set to the
     * user's preference upon HOOK_VERY_FIRST of the fixups.
     */
    int used_path_info;

    /* Various other config info which may change with .htaccess files
     * These are config vectors, with one void* pointer for each module
     * (the thing pointed to being the module's business).
     */

    /** Options set in config files, etc. */
    struct ap_conf_vector_t *per_dir_config;
    /** Notes on *this* request */
    struct ap_conf_vector_t *request_config;

    /**
     * A linked list of the .htaccess configuration directives
     * accessed by this request.
     * N.B. always add to the head of the list, _never_ to the end.
     * that way, a sub request's list can (temporarily) point to a parent's list
     */
    const struct htaccess_result *htaccess;

    /** A list of output filters to be used for this request */
    struct ap_filter_t *output_filters;
    /** A list of input filters to be used for this request */
    struct ap_filter_t *input_filters;

    /** A list of protocol level output filters to be used for this
     *  request */
    struct ap_filter_t *proto_output_filters;
    /** A list of protocol level input filters to be used for this
     *  request */
    struct ap_filter_t *proto_input_filters;

    /** A flag to determine if the eos bucket has been sent yet */
    int eos_sent;

/* Things placed at the end of the record to avoid breaking binary
 * compatibility.  It would be nice to remember to reorder the entire
 * record to improve 64bit alignment the next time we need to break
 * binary compatibility for some other reason.
 */
};

struct server_rec {
    /** The process this server is running in */這個伺服器正在執行的行程,也許是虛擬伺服器
    process_rec *process;
    /** The next server in the list */位於清單中,下一個伺服器組態
    server_rec *next;

    /** The name of the server */這個伺服器的名子
    const char *defn_name;
    /** The line of the config file that the server was defined on */組態檔httpd.conf中,定義伺服器的行號
    unsigned defn_line_number;

    /* Contact information */

    /** The admin's contact information */管理員的聯絡資訊(電子信箱)
    char *server_admin;
    /** The server hostname */這個伺服器的主機名稱
    char *server_hostname;
    /** for redirects, etc. */用於重新導向,埠號
    apr_port_t port;

    /* Log files --- note that transfer log is now in the modules... */

    /** The name of the error log */錯誤記錄檔的名稱
    char *error_fname;
    /** A file descriptor that references the error log */指標,指向錯誤記錄檔
    apr_file_t *error_log;
    /** The log level for this server */記錄檔記錄的層次
    int loglevel;

    /* Module-specific configuration for server, and defaults... */

    /** true if this is the virtual server */是否是虛擬伺服器
    int is_virtual;
    /** Config vector containing pointers to modules' per-server config 
     *  structures. */指向伺服器組態的向量
    struct ap_conf_vector_t *module_config; 
    /** MIME type info, etc., before we start checking per-directory info */MIME型態資訊
    struct ap_conf_vector_t *lookup_defaults;

    /* Transaction handling */

    /** I haven't got a clue */還不知道這是什麼!
    server_addr_rec *addrs;
    /** Timeout, as an apr interval, before we give up */逾時時間
    apr_interval_time_t timeout;
    /** The apr interval we will wait for another request */持續連線的逾時時間
    apr_interval_time_t keep_alive_timeout;
    /** Maximum requests per connection */每個連線的最大請求數目
    int keep_alive_max;
    /** Use persistent connections? */是否使用http的持續連線
    int keep_alive;

    /** Pathname for ServerPath */伺服器路徑的名稱
    const char *path;
    /** Length of path */路徑長度
    int pathlen;

    /** Normal names for ServerAlias servers */別名伺服器的正常名稱
    apr_array_header_t *names;
    /** Wildcarded names for ServerAlias servers */別名伺服器的萬用名稱
    apr_array_header_t *wild_names;

    /** limit on size of the HTTP request line    */請求的行數限制
    int limit_req_line;
    /** limit on size of any request header field */請求標頭欄位大小的限制
    int limit_req_fieldsize;
    /** limit on number of request header fields  */請求標頭欄位數目的限制
    int limit_req_fields; 

    /** The server request scheme for redirect responses */重新導向的請求方法
    const char *server_scheme;
};

struct conn_rec {
    /** Pool associated with this connection */
    apr_pool_t *pool;
    /** Physical vhost this conn came in on */
    server_rec *base_server;
    /** used by http_vhost.c */
    void *vhost_lookup_data;

    /* Information about the connection itself */
    /** local address */
    apr_sockaddr_t *local_addr;
    /** remote address */
    apr_sockaddr_t *remote_addr;

    /** Client's IP address */
    char *remote_ip;
    /** Client's DNS name, if known.  NULL if DNS hasn't been checked,
     *  "" if it has and no address was found.  N.B. Only access this though
     * get_remote_host() */
    char *remote_host;
    /** Only ever set if doing rfc1413 lookups.  N.B. Only access this through
     *  get_remote_logname() */
    char *remote_logname;

    /** Are we still talking? */
    unsigned aborted:1;

    /** Are we going to keep the connection alive for another request?
     * @see ap_conn_keepalive_e */
    ap_conn_keepalive_e keepalive;

    /** have we done double-reverse DNS? -1 yes/failure, 0 not yet, 
     *  1 yes/success */
    signed int double_reverse:2;

    /** How many times have we used it? */
    int keepalives;
    /** server IP address */
    char *local_ip;
    /** used for ap_get_server_name when UseCanonicalName is set to DNS
     *  (ignores setting of HostnameLookups) */
    char *local_host;

    /** ID of this connection; unique at any point in time */
    long id; 
    /** Config vector containing pointers to connections per-server
     *  config structures. */
    struct ap_conf_vector_t *conn_config;
    /** Notes on *this* connection: send note from one module to
     *  another. must remain valid for all requests on this conn */
    apr_table_t *notes;
    /** A list of input filters to be used for this connection */
    struct ap_filter_t *input_filters;
    /** A list of output filters to be used for this connection */
    struct ap_filter_t *output_filters;
    /** handle to scoreboard information for this connection */
    void *sbh;
    /** The bucket allocator to use for all bucket/brigade creations */
    struct apr_bucket_alloc_t *bucket_alloc;
    /** The current state of this connection */
    conn_state_t *cs;
    /** Is there data pending in the input filters? */ 
    int data_in_input_filters;
    
    /** Are there any filters that clogg/buffer the input stream, breaking
     *  the event mpm.
     */
    int clogging_input_filters;
};

struct process_rec {
    /** Global pool. Cleared upon normal exit */
    apr_pool_t *pool;
    /** Configuration pool. Cleared upon restart */
    apr_pool_t *pconf;
    /** Number of command line arguments passed to the program */
    int argc;
    /** The command line arguments */
    const char * const *argv;
    /** The program name used to execute the program */
    const char *short_name;
};

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